The Great Wall of America

Discussion The present population of United States is around 300 million and among them, about 12 million people are unlawful immigrants from mostly the neighboring countries, Mexico and Canada. This signifies that one in 25 inhabitants is an unlawful foreigner.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Great Wall of America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The idea of the Great Wall of America appears perfect and actually appears excellent for the citizens of United States. With the purpose of preventing any kind of border confrontations with illegal immigrants, the government should endorse significant implementations like the Great Wall of America just like what China did. America has been greatly affected by immigrants and has been radically shaped by every new group entering through its borders. However, this issue has been loose for years and some measures should be taken to create things reasonable and well-organized for all Americans. Currently, taxpayers are facing huge challenges while paying large sum of money each year to offer social services and medical care for these illegal immigrants. American borders have evident weaknesses and these have supported some drug traffickers and possible terrorists into United States. The idea of Great Wall of America is designed to reduce these problems which Americans are facing presently. Most immigrants are easily hired due to their cheap wages and Americans remain cursing themselves. They have started staying in horror of exposure and are highly experiencing exploitation from these illegal workers (Shilpi). If the Great Wall of America is constructed, it will be of great advantage to the people of America. The major benefits will be increase in employment opportunities and the American labor workers would get better chance to be hired. Every person attempting to pass through the Great Wall of America would have to pass through careful s creening for nationality. President Obama said â€Å"The plan will immediately hire 20,000 citizens and provide them with basic wall building classes before the great wall begins. The 80,000 other jobs will be gradually added on as the projects proceed, and will include snipers, hunters, and an assortment of criminals to prevent even a single illegal from crossing our welcoming and democratic border† (Kaplan). Implementing the Great Wall of America cannot worsen the association between United States and Mexico since it seems that Mexico is not bothered about the relationship between both countries. This was seen when Mexico police officers pointed their armed guns to the FBI representatives when they were trying to investigate a deadly shooting in the America-Mexico border.Advertising Looking for research paper on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Constructing this wall would not upset Mexicans since t hey already have the hatred towards United States due to the latest deaths of Mexicans in the border. Therefore, the solution to end all these disagreements and hatred in the border is to construct the Great Wall of America immediately. Since 1997, illegal immigrants have increased greatly and this shows that by 2025 the number of illegal immigrants would be around 40 million. Immigrants are more and more ready to use this opportunity to enter America and obtain secret and illegal jobs. Most illegal immigrants are from Mexico where their economy is struggling to contain huge population. At present, these illegal immigrants are sending back to Mexico around 20 billion dollars. These billions of dollars create it the second biggest source of income to Mexicans and it made Mexican government loosens their work in restricting Mexicans from entering America. Lately, they announced some safe routes and pointing out possible danger regions near the border. Most illegal immigrants from Mexi co have been getting jobs easily since they are paid less than the minimum wage and they are also willing to work below legal conditions. The Great Wall of America may not be 100% effective from preventing people from entering United States, but illegal immigrants would have troubles going back to their country through the borders and this will actually disheartens them from crossing over to America. Most illegal employees do not wish to remain in America for a long time and their common strategy is to enter America and obtain jobs and later transfer their income to Mexico to help their families. But the construction of the Great Wall of America would make their strategies very complex and they will cancel their plans of doing cyclic movements between Mexico and Unites States. New Mexico and Texas Governors should execute the policies and laws which control illegal immigrants in their areas; this may partly or fully solve this issue of immigrants. Therefore, this will creates more j ob opportunities in United States and provision of security for the country also. Through the construction of this wall, it will improve security in America. United States’ taxpayers should be advocating and calling for immediate construction of the Great Wall of America and jobless, but skilled, Americans should joint hands with American engineers in providing effective and quality wall than the Great Wall of China.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Great Wall of America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Great Wall of America should be constructed and should be a real wall which all people in the world have never predicted and this would be implement by the people of America themselves. Americans should finish the conflicts with other countries like Mexico which are taking advantage of American resources and opportunities and pointing their guns on American security officers. Texas, Califor nia, New Mexico, and Arizona governments should be supporters for the construction of the Great Wall of America due to direct transactions which are provided to profit these states. There will be direct economic strengthening with actual employment opportunities which will be permanent. Since there are vulnerable to any thing happening in the borders, construction of this wall will help in reducing border conflicts with illegal immigrants. The great wall of America would send an indication to the Mexican people and government that they need Americans more than Americans need them. Conclusion The construction of the Great Wall of America appears harsh, but it is the only effective strategy to solve the issue of illegal immigrants. China implemented its own Great Wall of China and even some countries have strict policies than the United States have. Some countries arrest illegal immigrants and jail them for about three years and later deport them back to their countries. After they fi nished building the Great Wall of China, it offered safety to better control of China’s economy and protected their cultural growth. It as well offered protection for their trade progresses. United States should also follow this advancement to protect its own trade and other major source of income to the citizens and the country itself. Construction of the Great Wall of America between America and Mexico would be more important in safeguarding its economic developments and therefore be implemented immediately. Works Cited Kaplan, Jake. â€Å"Obama Suggests Building ‘Great Wall of Mexico’ to Create Jobs,† 15 January 2012. Web. Shilpi, Paul. â€Å"The Great Wall of America,† 4 Sept. 2006. Web.Advertising Looking for research paper on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This research paper on The Great Wall of America was written and submitted by user Kyra Waller to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Sample Why Our School Essay - How to Write a Sample Why Our School Essay?

Sample Why Our School Essay - How to Write a Sample Why Our School Essay?If you are interested in knowing how to write a sample why our school essay, I will give you some tips on how to do so. My first tip would be that as a student, you should put yourself in the shoes of a medical student.It is really important that you take into consideration that the students' mind is set on medical sciences and this may be so from the very start of their schooling. One example is that they may be called upon to perform a certain procedure and it may appear to be that they have no choice but to do so, even if the procedure is not desirable. On the other hand, if a student wishes to write a sample why our school essay, he or she should be thinking logically, and not on their own fancy or emotions.When you are writing a sample why our school essay, you should not rely on your own emotional feelings. Your logical mind should guide you in order to write a logical piece. This means that you will want to avoid speculating what the student would think if he were given the opportunity to write a sample why our school essay.After all, if you make a few mistakes in grammar, it could potentially error on the student's part, which is why it is essential that you carefully check the piece over again until you have corrected all the errors. This is because mistakes in grammar could actually make a difference on whether or not the student is accepted into medical school or not.I would also like to mention that the critical issue for a student to think about is whether or not the essay is relevant to his or her school. The more relevant it is, the more likely you are to be accepted into the medical school that you desire to attend. As an example, if the student wrote his or her essay in support of his or her religion, it may seem reasonable that they would be accepted into the same institution that requires him or her to say something he or she does not believe in.On the other hand, if the student decided to express his or her opinion on religion, he or she may be able to write personal statements about his or her faith at a different institution. There are many cases where a student may write about his or her religion in order to be accepted into a certain institution. It is therefore important that the student consider this as well, and try to represent the major points that he or she believes in the essay.Finally, it is always good to consider all the pros and cons, when writing a sample why our school essay. Sometimes, a student may not be sure about a particular question or issue, but on the other hand, it is not always possible to address a problem, if it is a serious one. Hence, it is always important to think this through before writing anything down.

Start up business in Saudi Arabia challenges of finding finance

Start up business in Saudi Arabia challenges of finding finance Background overview Entrepreneurs share similar problems in terms of access to sufficient capital to start their business, ability to attract customers, developing a sufficient cash flow to sustain their venture and a variety of other issues that are involved in the process of developing a business (Zahra Wright 2011, pp. 67-83).Advertising We will write a custom dissertation sample on Start up business in Saudi Arabia: challenges of finding finance. specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this section the various methods of capital access available to entrepreneurs within Saudi Arabia, and the difficulties that are associated with the process of obtaining sufficient funds to start a profitable business venture will be analyzed. Considering the fact that it is one of the wealthiest nations in the world, and part of the G20 group of states, the low rate of growth for its entrepreneurial sector engenders a number of questions that necessit ates further research and analysis. It is expected that this section will act as the basis behind an assessment that would create effective suggestions as to how entrepreneurs within the country can best respond to various financial opportunities and challenges. Saudi Arabian Economy and SME SMEs in Saudi Arabia A majority of the start up businesses in Saudi Arabia are in form of SMEs. Within the study Leading the way (2005, pp. 78-79), it was explained that in most market economies, small to medium scale enterprises (SMEs) make up the bulk of a countrys enterprises. This constitutes 80 to 90 percent of local businesses (Leading the way 2005, pp. 78-79). Such an orientation can also be seen in the case of Saudi Arabia, wherein SMEs make up 92 percent of local businesses within the country, and employ up to 80 percent of the workforce (Leading the way 2005, pp. 78-79). H.M. King Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz Al-Saud himself has been quoted as stating that entrepreneurs are the backbone of the Saudi Arabian economy and are instrumental towards its continued growth and prosperity (Kayed Hassan 2010, pp. 379-413). (Kayed Hassan 2010, pp. 379-413)Advertising Looking for dissertation on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It must be noted that despite the fact that SMEs constitute 92 percent of local businesses, they are still overshadowed by the countrys oil and natural gas industry which accounts for 90 percent of export earnings, 45 percent of the GDP and 80 percent of the governments budget revenues (Kayed Hassan 2010, pp. 379-413). This is in sharp contrast to the situation found in countries such as the U.S., U.K., China and other industrialized countries where local SMEs makeup more than 70 percent of GDP, 60 to 70 percent of local government revenue and 75 percent of export earnings (Kayed Hassan 2010, pp. 379-413). While Saudi Arabias status as an oil exporter does entail a d ecidedly different economic structure, it must be noted that given the non-renewable state of its oil reserves, it is absolutely necessary to implement some measure of encouraging the development of start up businesses in order to have a strong local economy in place that is not dependent on resource that will inevitably dry up (Lindsey 2011, pp. 1). Entrepreneurial Growth Rate (Saudi Arabia 2012, pp. 1-18) (Outlook for 2011-15: Economic policy outlook 2010, pp. 7-9) Unfortunately, an examination of the development of local industries within the country reveals that entrepreneurial growth has remained low at 3.3 to 3.5 percent annually, with the much lauded Saudi Fast Growth 100 group (a listing of the top 100 locally owned corporations that were started by entrepreneurs) gaining a combined annual revenue of $2.4 billion equivalent to $9 billion Saudi Riyals) with 90 percent of their revenue originating from within Saudi Arabia itself (Outlook for 2011-15: Economic policy outlook 2 010, pp. 7-9). While $2.4 billion may seem like a significant sum for the accumulated revenue of the top 100 companies within Saudi Arabia, this pales in comparison to the hundreds of billions accumulated by the top 100 companies started by entrepreneurs in countries such as the U.S., U.K, and China. Even a developing country such as the Philippines has a local SME industry where the top 100 companies started by entrepreneurs reach revenues of $10 billion or more.Advertising We will write a custom dissertation sample on Start up business in Saudi Arabia: challenges of finding finance. specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The fact that the revenue of these companies mostly originate from within the Saudi Arabian economy itself rather than through international exports shows how relatively young the companies started by local entrepreneurs are within country considering the fact that focusing on local instead of external markets is one of the first stages of entrepreneurial activity. Such factors can be considered indicative of a major problem existing within the Saudi Arabian entrepreneurial landscape which can be connected to the lack of sufficient access to funding for local entrepreneurs in order to sufficiently grow their businesses to a level that can be considered internationally competitive. Saudi Arabia’s economy According to Economic Structure and Context (2012, pp. 16-17), Saudi Arabia’s economy is heavily dependent on its oil reserves. This is because oil is the major export commodity in this economy. Additionally, the oil industry provides employment to a majority of the citizens. This implies that this economy is susceptible to the volatile oil prices in the world market, and any changes in the production of oil by the oil industry. To address this vulnerability, the government has acquired a number of foreign assets which help in cushioning the economy against changes in the oil prices, w hich affect the economy adversely. For this reason, the economy is able to withstand shocks in the oil world market provided that it is not for an extended period (Chapter 2: Economic Outlook 2011, pp. 15-23). It must be pointed that the government continues to be the major player in the economy. This implies that the economy is not fully liberalised. However, the government is at the forefront in encouraging entrepreneurship with a view to increasing employment opportunities for the youth, who form the bulk of the kingdom’s population. This increased employment level, as a result of increase in private investment, will have the effect of enhancing the standard of living in the kingdom (Economic Structure and Context 2012, pp. 16-17). Government’s involvement in the economy has helped in improving the standards of living for the Saudi nationals (Jacknis 2011, pp. 107-116). However, this involvement has repercussions that include: distortion of the market, subdued produ ctivity, and discourage competition.Advertising Looking for dissertation on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It can be said that the government’s dominance in the economy has lowered the efficiency of the economy. Nonetheless, the government has been working towards liberalization of the economy and complying with international treaties, with a view to improving the economy. The Saudi government has also embarked on the privatisation of the some sectors of the economy including: telecommunication, water and aviation. The major objective of this privatization has been to attract foreign investment in the economy. This will serve as the much needed boost to propel the economy to a higher growth trajectory. Moreover, the government has also increased public expenditure as a stimulus for economic growth. This increased public expenditure has been instrumental in facilitating the growth of Saudi economic cities that has acted as an incentive for the entrepreneurs (Economic Structure and Context 2012, pp. 16-17). Literature Review This section explores various aspects related to the finan cing of entrepreneurial ventures within Saudi Arabia, the way in which financial institutions and loan processes operate, as well as the current state of key funding sources in relation to their counterparts in other countries. It is expected that through an examination of such aspects of the Saudi Arabian entrepreneurial and financing sectors of the economy, a greater degree of understanding regarding the current state of venture financing and the processes involved in it will be developed. The Financing of Business Ventures within Saudi Arabia One of the oddest discrepancies that has come up during the research process is that despite the fact that Saudi Arabia is widely recognized as a leader in promoting and supporting entrepreneurial activities, it actually has a financial sector that is not as conducive towards small to medium business loans as one might expect (Ahmad 2011, pp. 610-614). It is usually the case that if a country is known for supporting entrepreneurial activity, this would in turn result in a commensurate effect on its local banking sector wherein loans for small to medium scale enterprises and ventures would be more readily given. However, this is not the case and in fact it is actually more difficult to obtain these types of loans within Saudi Arabia as compared to other countries within the same region (i.e. the U.A.E, Egypt, Jordan, Israel etc.) as well as in countries such as China, the U.K. and the U.S (Ahmad 2011, pp. 610-614). In order to address this rather odd disparity, an examination was conducted as to how small and medium scale enterprises were normally funded and how did this type of funding differ from what can be seen in other countries. It was seen that in the case of Saudi Arabia, the family played a crucial role in the funding and development of start up business ventures wherein more than 75% of local businesses started by entrepreneurs were a result of family members contributing towards the initial starting capital o f the entrepreneur and actively gave advice regarding the proper management of the business (Constraints on Development: Small Businesses in Saudi Arabia 1992, pp. 333-351). In fact, it was noted by researchers in the report Constraints on Development: Small Businesses in Saudi Arabia (1992, pp. 333-341) that it is the strong interfamily ties within the countrys culture that limits the export market of Saudi Arabia due to the development of a business culture, wherein it has become preferable to deal with family members or friends of the family when it comes to joint business ventures and business opportunities, which in effect severely curtails the ability of a business to expand beyond its current market due to the inherent hesitance in dealing with the unfamiliar (Constraints on Development: Small Businesses in Saudi Arabia 1992, pp. 333-351). Going back to the issue of family and its connection to the financing of small to medium scale enterprises, what must be understood is tha t the proliferation of family as one of the primary methods of financing entrepreneurial business ventures has actually resulted in the local banking sector developing in such a way that they cater more towards large scale enterprises or higher tier medium scale businesses as compared to small or lower tier medium scale companies (Chapter 4: Business Environment 2012, pp. 27-33). The problem with this is that this in effect isolates a large percentage of the local population who do not have access to considerable family funds to start their business. Such a situation is in stark contrast to the way in which the banking sector in other countries such as China, the U.S., the U.K. and even in certain sectors in the Middle East work, since it is often seen that investing in entrepreneurs creates numerous beneficial actions (i.e. better local economy, greater amount of deposits, helping out what could potentially develop into a larger enterprise etc.) which banks generally think of as sa fe bets when it comes to loans, especially when it comes to the attitude of entrepreneurs to pay back what they owe on even if a particular business did not turn out as successful as expected (S.T. 2000, pp. 42) (Mahdi1998, pp. 1970-1971). It is often the case that such individuals within Saudi Arabia have to rely on their own personal savings as their primary method of creating start-up capital, which is an incredibly laborious and time consuming process, which would of course slow down the process of entrepreneurial activity within any country that utilizes such a system (Chapter 4: Business Environment 2012, pp. 27-33). Evidence of this can be seen in Saudi Arabias 3.3 to 3.5 percent annual entrepreneurial growths, which shows the negative impact that the current loan system has on creating better entrepreneurial activities within the country (Chapter 4: Business Environment 2012, pp. 27-33). The inherent weakness of the family fund system currently utilized by a vast majority of entrepreneurs is that when it comes to expanding the business beyond its current form and structure, this is when family members at times balk and refuse to or are unable to provide the necessary funds for the development of the business beyond its current form (Siddiqi 2008, pp. 44). The reason behind this is a plethora of issues ranging from the belief that after a business has been established, an individual should be responsible for its own expansion or that expansion itself is potentially risky without sufficient added benefits (Siddiqi 2008, pp. 44). As a result, this curtails the potential for various entrepreneurial ventures to expand to foreign locations and this is evidenced by the fact that nearly 90% of all local entrepreneurial revenue is derived from within the Saudi economy alone instead of through outside ventures (Siddiqi 2008, pp. 44). It must also be noted that another problem with the family based method of funding is that it actively promotes insufficient marke t examinations and a more lax behaviour when it comes to developing processes that are more efficient and less costly (Robson, 2005pp. 40-42). Based on the study by Constraints on Development: Small Businesses in Saudi Arabia (1992, pp. 340), it was noted that family based methods of funding were considered a relatively safe and easy method of funding for a business, which did not have the same stringent procedures and viability checks that are necessary when it comes to a bank loan (Footwear Industry Profile: Saudi Arabia 2012, pp. 1-29). As such, entrepreneurs under this particular system are less likely to favor processes that maximized the usage of capital and utilized more efficient methods of operations due to the rather easy way in which funds could be obtained to run a business (Constraints on Development: Small Businesses in Saudi Arabia 1992, pp. 333-351). This, Baqadir, Patrick, Burns (2011, pp. 551-559) remark, is one of the main reasons why plenty of businesses fail wi thin the first year of operation in Saudi Arabia, since it is usually the stringent process of loan evaluation seen in most banks that encourages entrepreneurs to think ‘outside the box’, resulting in financial success and ingenuity (Baqadir, Patrick, Burns 2011, pp. 551-561). Though not particularly as relevant, it must be noted that there is also another socially based reason as to why certain entrepreneurs are experiencing a higher degree of difficulty when it comes to finding sufficient capital: declining rates of marriage (Pope 2002, pp. 2). With the development of new internal policies within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia comes an era where women have started to become more empowered. This is evidenced by the fact that nearly 54% of all university graduates within Saudi Arabia are women and that a growing percentage of them have started to focus on their own careers and the development of the family business rather than enter into a prospective marriage (Pope 2002, pp. 2). As a result, with declining marriage rates comes a distinct decline in access to sufficient capital by bachelors since it is the intermarriage between families that often times enhances the ability of an entrepreneur to access sufficient capital to establish his own business. Public Aid Programs Aside from the aforementioned traditional methods of funding that exist within the context of the Saudi Arabian culture, there also exist other methods of funding that are more in line with what is normally seen in other countries. The first of these methods of funding is the KAFALAH fund which is a $200 million fund that acts as a protection net against loan defaults meant to encourage local banks to lend to entrepreneurs (Country analysis report: Saudi Arabia 2011, pp. 1-68). The reason why KAFALA fund was created in the first place was due to the fact that between 2001 to 2009 local banks experienced increasing levels of loan defaulters (Country analysis report: Saudi Arabia 2011 , pp. 1-68). One of the main reasons behind this was simply the fact that entrepreneurs at the time lacked the necessary skills and capabilities to properly market their products, develop their businesses and enhance operations which inevitably resulted in the collapse of their ventures (Country analysis report: Saudi Arabia 2011, pp. 1-68). This was an endemic problem during that time until it was addressed by H.M. King Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz Al-Saud in the form of the king Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), the King Saud University (KSU) and various other educational institutions that focused on the creation, support and development of entrepreneurs within Saudi Arabia. It was through such programs that, in the words of H.M. King Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz Al-Saud, a new type of entrepreneur entered into the Saudi Arabian market economy Country analysis report: Saudi Arabia 2011, pp. 1-68). Such individuals were better informed, better prepared and more likely to create fewer mistakes as compared to their predecessors. Unfortunately, various Islamic banks were still reeling from the amount of loan defaults hence the necessity of creating stimulus funds in order to encourage lending (Apparel Retail Industry Profile: Saudi Arabia 2012, pp.1-25). Despite this, it was noted by various Saudi entrepreneurs that such activities were still insufficient, many of whom were of the opinion that it should be the government itself that should facilitate access to funds for entrepreneurs rather than having to go through the laborious and often times unfruitful process of filing for a bank loan (Dairy Industry Profile: Saudi Arabia 2012, pp. 1-32). One manifestation of such a necessity came in the form of the government sponsored AlAhli Small Business Program which is a type of loan/training program enabling entrepreneurs to gain access to a variety of funding sources that are in cooperation with the National Commercial Bank while at the same time provides training courses and various types of support systems so as to enable these potential entrepreneurs to develop the necessary skills, mindsets and abilities to effectively run their fledgling businesses (Country Update 2012, pp. 1-5). Other sources of funds also exist, which are there to address the problem of developing a funding program for young Saudi men and women that are underprivileged yet still would like to be entrepreneurs. For this particular scenario, the centennial fund exists which provides 50,000 200,000 SAR in funds for particular business ventures which is payable within 5 years. Similar to the AlAhli Small Business Program, the Centennial fund also provides training and development services but it also provides a mentoring program wherein experienced entrepreneurs help in guiding people who make use of the fund, through a 3 year mentoring program designed to increase the success of their business. Other more gender specific funds come in the form of the Prince Sul tan bin Abdulaziz fund for nurturing women entrepreneurs (Country Update 2012, pp. 1-5). As its name implies, this fund focuses specifically on providing women entrepreneurs with the necessary funds and training to undertake a variety of entrepreneurial ventures. Banking There are several banking institutions within Saudi Arabia that do in fact provide small business loans to start up business such as Al Rajhi Banking Investment Corp., the Riyadh Bank, the National Commercial Bank etc (Economic Growth: Outlook 2012, pp. 4-6). It must be noted though that due to the high degree of loan default experienced by these banks from 2001 to 2009 the loan process often involves considerable amounts of paperwork and at times recommendations from well established businessmen in order to gain approval for particular loans (Economic Growth: Outlook 2012, pp. 4-6). This in effect shuts out various entrepreneurs who do not have the same amount of clout or the connections necessary to show that the y can be trusted to pay back the loan. Additionally, the entrepreneurs have to go through other hurdles in form of government sponsored programs, which act as intermediaries between the bank and the entrepreneur and acts as a safety net in case of loan default. While this section has shown that there exists, quite literally, a plethora of funding and training opportunities for local entrepreneurs to start their own business ventures, what it does not show is that most of the funding and training opportunities are oriented towards the development of localized business opportunities and neglect to encompass a wider range of potential ventures through international markets. The study of Mortland (2009, p 19) which examined the funding and training opportunities that are currently in place within Saudi Arabia reveals that most of the revenue derived from entrepreneurial activity within the country is primarily as a result of derived income from local markets (Mortland 2009, p. 19). Ther e are relatively few cases of entrepreneurs which focus on international trade with one of the reasons being that despite the presence of funding programs with associated training schemes, these programs actually encourage and focus on developing entrepreneurs to focus on developing local market (Mortland 2009, p. 19). They propagate the notion that international business ventures are somewhat risky. This engenders a business culture that is more internally focused rather than externally adaptive. In cases where an entrepreneur is actively seeking funds to expand their business venture with a view to engaging in international trade, their loan requests are often turned down. Banks tend to agree to loans of this nature when requested by large firms or conglomerations. This in effect shuts out small entrepreneurs from international trade which is an important aspect of developing a local business. Venture Capitalists within Saudi Arabia Another of the problems faced by entrepreneurs w ithin Saudi Arabia is the distinct lack of venture capitalists within the country. An examination of data obtained from 2010 reveals that Saudi Arabia has the lowest ranking of any G20 country in terms of venture capital funding with only $5 million being invested by venture capitalists in local businesses at the time. Studies such as those in the Country analysis report: Saudi Arabia (2011, pp. 1 68 ) reveal that venture capital funding is an important facilitator of entrepreneurial activity since it acts as a method of funding outside of the regular methods facilitated through bank loans (Country analysis report: Saudi Arabia 2011, pp. 1-68). With entrepreneurs and the venture capitalists sharing the risks that come with developing a particular business venture this actually results in the sharing of ideas, better internal management of operations and funds and the creation of new lines of business which helps to considerably expand the venture beyond what the entrepreneur would have been capable of doing alone. As seen in the case of the U.S. and U.K., venture capital investments have helped to create a solid foundation for the development of numerous businesses which has actually encouraged entrepreneurial activity due to the potential that venture capitalists may choose to invest with a particular venture thus enabling it to expand based on the plans of the entrepreneur. The lack of venture capital funding in the case of Saudi Arabia helps to explain the relatively low growth seen in the development of new entrepreneurial ventures; since an external source of capital without the accompanying financial indebtedness associated with a bank loans would have definitely encouraged the development of a sufficiently strong entrepreneurial sector within the country (Country analysis report: Saudi Arabia 2011, pp. 1-68). One way of explaining the lack of venture capital funding can be seen in Chapter 4: Business Environment (2012, pp. 27-33) of Saudi Arabiaâ€℠¢s business forecast report which explored various aspects of financing within Saudi Arabia. Chapter 4: Business Environment (2012, pp. 27-33) shows that the concept of venture capital funding is relatively new within Saudi Arabia since it is a development that has only occurred within the past few decades within various other countries (Chapter 4: Business Environment 2012, pp. 27-33). Since Saudi Arabia has developed in an entirely different way as compared to other countries such as the U.S. due its emphasis on Shariah law in its banking and finance sector this would of course result in the creation of distinctly different financial instruments for funding business ventures within the country (Chapter 4: Business Environment 2012, pp. 27-33). This is especially true when taking into consideration the fact that â€Å"family funds† are still one of the primary methods of funding a business within the country and external methods of funding not associated with either the stat e or a bank are still viewed with a certain degree of distrust by the local business culture. Aside from that, most entrepreneurs within Saudi Arabia have no idea what a venture capital fund is or how it even operates, thus its level of acceptability and implementation within the context of the local economy is also rather low (Chapter 4: Business Environment 2012, pp. 27-33). Furthermore, since the venture capital sector of the Saudi Arabian economy is still within its relative infancy this means that the road shows, presentations, exhibits and forums normally associated with venture capital firms as seen in the context of the U.S. and the U.K. are relatively absent (Chapter 4: Business Environment 2012, pp. 27-33). This means that venture capitalists can neither show what methods of financing they can offer to entrepreneurs and neither can prospective entrepreneurs show their business ventures to venture capitalists (Chapter 4: Business Environment 2012, pp. 27-33). In the end, th is creates a situation that is not at all conducive towards the development of any form of venture capital financing operation within the Saudi Arabia and explains why the amount of venture capital funding is so low within the country despite the size of its economy. Entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia and the local Stock Market Aside from venture capital investments, another alternative to financing the expansion of a business venture has been through the use of the stock market. In regions such as the U.S., U.K., and several parts of Asia, posting their company on the local stock market has been an effective method by which entrepreneurs of mid-sized corporations have been able to garner sufficient funds in a rather efficient manner. Unfortunately, in the case of Saudi Arabia, it has been noted that despite the fact that the local stock market has actually improved by 50% as a source of funding for businesses, most of this has been primarily isolated to large scale enterprises and has b arely been used to finance start up businesses (Bradley 2005, pp. 1- 22). One of the reasons behind this is the apparent lack of a specific market that can cater for the needs of the start up businesses. Consequently, this prevents various Saudi entrepreneurs from accessing needed funds for expansion as compared to their counterparts within the G20 countries. From a certain perspective, it can be assumed that due to the current predilection of Saudi entrepreneurs to view the stock market as a novelty exclusively for the rich rather than alternative method of funding, resulting to a situation in which the ability of the stock market to raise capital for the entrepreneurs is greatly hampered. Studies such as those seen in the report â€Å"Saudi Arabia business forecast report Q3 2012† (2012, pp. 1-51) have indicated that despite the 90% rise in the usage of Saudi Arabian stock market, start up businesses continue to have a relatively low profile in it due to an insufficient amo unt of information regarding the process of registration, compliance and how the stock market works in general (Saudi Arabia business forecast report Q3 2012 2012, pp. 1-51) It is based on this that the report recommends a greater degree of government assistance in the form of information campaigns so as to educate local entrepreneurs regarding the various advantages of posting their company on the stock market (Saudi Arabia business forecast report Q3 2012 2012, pp. 1-51). Common problems that prevent Saudi entrepreneurs from obtaining finance. Hussain and Yaqub (2010, pp. 22-28) note that as it is common when an entrepreneur wants to access loan from a financial institutions, the financial institutions subject the entrepreneur through a series of checks. This entails giving a business plan that shows the ability of the business to repay loans. In situations in which the business plan does not depict the ability of the business to generate the revenue that can support the repayment of the loan, the request is turned down. The challenge sometimes is not in developing business plan, but rather the ability to write a good business plan that highlights the major strengths of the business. From this section it can be seen that entrepreneurs have limited sources of capital (Hussain and Yaqub 2010, pp. 22-28). The few sources of capital that exists are meant for large-scale businesses, and not necessarily for the upcoming entrepreneurs. As it has been highlighted, most entrepreneurs obtain the much needed capital from their ‘families’. This implies that those entrepreneurs who come from families that are not well-off find it more difficult to procure the much needed capital. Additionally, it can be inferred that the financial institutions are not very friendly to the upcoming entrepreneurs and, unless the government institutes measures to facilitate easier access to loan for the entrepreneurs, the level of growth of the private investments will continue to be low. SOURCES OF FINANCE CHALLENGES Families Most ladies are getting educated and becoming very independent and they don’t want to get married. Some families are not very well-off such that they can facilitate financing for the entrepreneurs. Banks They prefer dealing with large scale businesses as opposed to financing small scale businesses. The banks ask for a lot of requirement from the entrepreneurs seeking loans for capital. Public Aid Programs Apparently the fund does not provide enough resources that can provide the much needed capital to the entrepreneurs. Venture capitalist Lack of venture capitalists in Saudi Arabia that can provide the much needed capital to the entrepreneurs Local stock market It is biased in favour of large scale enterprises as opposed to the upcoming business ventures Methodology Aims Wahyuni (2012, pp. 69-80) contends that a research should have objectives. In this regard this research is supposed to consider the f ollowing objectives. Firstly, the research is supposed to investigate the sources of finance for start-up businesses in Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, the research will also look into the bottlenecks that the entrepreneurs face when it comes to accessing sources of finance. The other objective will be to explore the various opportunities and challenges, which the entrepreneurs have to face when it comes to accessing finance from the financial institutions. In order to achieve those objectives the research will seek to address the following questions: Where do the successful business starters in Saudi Arabia get their capital from? What challenges do business start-ups encounter when financing their ventures? What can business start-ups do to avoid failure when sourcing out capital for their ventures? Study Design Given the nature of this research, the most appropriate research design that will be adopted for this paper is the qualitative research (Bansal Corley 2012, pp. 509-513). Th is will enable the researcher to have open ended questions that will help in generating of information regarding the challenges which the entrepreneurs face in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, the use of qualitative research method enables the researcher to have fewer participants which enable a more thorough approach to be adopted. Additionally, the information will be derived from both the primary and secondary sources. The sample participants for this study will be drawn from those individuals who have been involve in business venture in Saudi Arabia, and those who have been involved in the bank’s lending system. This will aid in getting the necessary information regarding the challenges that Saudi entrepreneurs face in an attempt to obtain finance for their fledgling businesses. The number of participants will be limited to thirty individuals from the cities of Jeddah and Mecca. This is because qualitative research uses a limited number of participants (Bansal Corley 2012, pp. 50 9-513). Furthermore, the participants must have attempted to get financing from the financial institutions and failed. The participant must exclusively own or owned a business venture. Another condition for the participant is that they must have complied with the regulations regarding application for financing, including submitting a business plan. It must also be acknowledged that if any information leaks to the financial institutions it might result to victimization of those participants. For this reason, the information should be kept securely so that it cannot be accessed by people who might victimize the participants. Data Collection Process As indicated earlier, the participants for this study will be drawn from both the entrepreneurial side and the banks’ lending system. Some of the questions which could be posed to the individuals in the banking sector will be on the number of loan requests by the entrepreneurs that were rejected and those that were accepted. The rese archer will also probe those participants so that he can have a glimpse at the reasons that led to either the cancellation or the acceptance of those loan requests. It must also be noted that the participants will be interviewed individually to enhance the confidentiality of the research. The participants will be instrumental in helping to unravel the challenges that the entrepreneurs face when it comes to accessing finance. Additionally, the questions that will be presented to the participants will be open-ended to enhance the ability of the research to generate a lot of information. Reliability of the interview data will be tested by comparing the variables under study with similar variables from previous studies while the validity will be tested by determining the extent to which the information concurs with global financing approaches. The interviews will be conducted on weekends to ensure that most of the participants will not be held up in their jobs, which could preclude them from attending the sessions. Another important thing which will be highlighted to the participants pertains to the confidentiality of their responses. This will encourage the participants to be more genuine with their responses. The preferred study technique for this research will be cross-sectional. This will be informed by the fact that this study is meant to unravel information which can be used in future when carrying out research on the same issue (Wahyuni 2012, pp. 69-80). Additionally, the time as well as the resources allocated for this research are vey limited and does not allow for the use of longitudinal technique. The data collected from this research will be analysed using data reduction techniques. This entails sifting through the data to determine those that are relevant to the issue being considered. Reference List Ahmad, S 2011, Businesswomen in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Characteristic, growth patterns and progression in a regional context, Equality, Diversity Inclusion, 30, 7, pp. 610-614, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost. Apparel Retail Industry Profile: Saudi Arabia 2012, Apparel Retail Industry Profile: Saudi Arabia, pp. 1-25, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost. Bansal, P, Corley, K 2012, Publishing in AMJ -Part 7: Whats Different about Qualitative Research?, Academy of Management Journal, pp. 509-513, June, Business Source Complete, EBSCOhost. Baqadir, A, Patrick, F, Burns, G 2011, Addressing the skills gap in Saudi Arabia: Does vocational education address the needs of private sector employers?, Journal Of Vocational Education Training, 63, 4, pp. 551-561, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost. Bradley, J R 2005, Saudi Arabia Exposed: Inside A Kingdom In Crisis, Palgrave Macmillan, eBook Collection (EBSCOhost), EBSCOhost. Chapter 2: Economic Outlook 2011, Saudi Arabia Business Forecast Report, 3, pp. 15-23, Business Source Complete, EBSCOhost. Chapter 4: Business Environment 2012, Saudi Arabia Business Forecast Report, 2, pp. 27-3 3, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost. Constraints on Development: Small Businesses in Saudi Arabia 1992, Middle Eastern Studies, 28, 2, pp. 333-351, International Security Counter Terrorism Reference Center, EBSCOhost. Country analysis report: Saudi Arabia, 2011, Saudi Arabia Country Profile, pp. 1-68, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost. Country Update 2012, Political Risk Yearbook: Saudi Arabia Country Report, pp. U-1-U-5, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost. Dairy Industry Profile:. Saudi Arabia 2012, Dairy Industry Profile: Saudi Arabia, pp. 1-32, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost. Economic Growth: Outlook 2012, Saudi Arabia Country Monitor, pp. 4-6, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost. Economic Structure and Context: Development and Strategy 2012, Saudi Arabia Country Monitor, pp. 16-17, Business Source Complete, EBSCOhost. Footwear Industry Profile: Saudi Arabia 2012, Footwear Industry Profile: Saudi Arabia, pp. 1-29, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost. Hussain, D, Yaqub, M 2 010, Micro-entrepreneurs: Motivations Challenges and Success Factors, 56, pp. 22-28, EconLit with Full Text, EBSCOhost. Jacknis, N 2011, Governments Role In Facilitating An Innovative Economy, International Journal Of Innovation Science, 3, 3, pp. 107-116, Academic Search Complete, EBSCOhost. Kayed, R, Hassan, M 2010, Islamic entrepreneurship: A case study of Saudi Arabia, Journal Of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 15, 4, pp. 379-413, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost. Leading the way 2005, Banker, 155, 957, pp. 78-79, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost. Lindsey, U 2011, Saudi Arabias $10-Billion Experiment Is Ready for Results. (cover story), Chronicle Of Higher Education, 57, 40, p. A1, MasterFILE Premier, EBSCOhost. Mahdi, K 1998, Economic development, Economic Journal, 108, 451, pp. 1970-1971, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost. Mortland, S 2009, A partnership fit for a King, Crains Cleveland Business, 30, 5, p. 19, MasterFILE Premier, EBSCOhost. Outlook for 2011-15pp. Economi c policy outlook 2010, Country Report. Saudi Arabia, pp. 7-9, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost. Pope, H 2002, For Saudi Women, Running a Business Is a Veiled Initiative. (cover story), Wall Street Journal Eastern Edition, 2 January, MasterFILE Premier, EBSCOhost. Robson, V 2005, Business behind the veil, MEED: Middle East Economic Digest, 49, 25, pp. 40-42, International Security Counter Terrorism Reference Center, EBSCOhost. Saudi Arabia 2012, Political Risk Yearbook: Saudi Arabia Country Report, pp. 1-18, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost. Saudi Arabia business forecast report Q3 2012 2012, Saudi Arabia Business Forecast Report, 3, pp. 1-51, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost. Siddiqi, M 2008, Saudi Arabia: Bucking the global trend?, Middle East, 392, p. 44, MasterFILE Premier, EBSCOhost. S.T. 2000, Striking out on their own, MEED: Middle East Economic Digest, 44, 37, p. 42, International Security Counter Terrorism Reference Center, EBSCOhost. 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Hell-bent and Hell-for-leather

Hell-bent and Hell-for-leather Hell-bent and Hell-for-leather Hell-bent and Hell-for-leather By Maeve Maddox A reader has asked about the expression hell-bent for leather. The expression fuses â€Å"hell-bent† with another expression, â€Å"hell-for-leather.† The bent in hell-bent is the past participle of the verb to bend, a word with at least 23 definitions in the OED. To be â€Å"bent on something† is to be determined to do a specific thing. Ex. He was bent upon becoming Prime Minister. She was bent on proving him wrong. One of the meanings of â€Å"to bend† is â€Å"to go in a certain direction.† Literally, then, to be â€Å"hell-bent† would mean â€Å"going in the direction of hell.† The way we use it, to be â€Å"hell-bent on something† means to be wholeheartedly determined to get something done. The OED gives these citations: 1731 Ab-origines in Arms..did then resort, In Haste to Susquehanna Fort, Hell bent on Thoughts of Massacree. 1835 A large encampment of savages,..‘hell-bent on carnage’. 1891The state of Texas, or at least its legislature, went hell-bent for the reform of railroads. The OED defines â€Å"hell-bent† as both adjective and adverb: hell-bent: adj.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Usually in predicative use, with on, upon, or infinitive. Determined to achieve something at all costs; passionately or recklessly intent. hell-bent: adv.  Ã‚  In a hell-bent manner; with no effort or resources spared; all out, wholeheartedly, totally; determinedly, doggedly. The expression hell-for-leather means at â€Å"breakneck speed, very fast† and was originally used with reference to riding on horseback. It may have originated with Kipling. The earliest citation in the OED is from an 1889 Kipling story, â€Å"The Valley of the Shadow.† CAPT. M. (Jealously) Then dont say it! Leave him alone. Its not bad enough to croak over. Here, Gaddy, take the chit to Bingle and ride hell-for-leather. Itll do you good. I cant go. JUNIOR CHAPLAIN. (Flicking M.s charger.) Thatll do, thanks. Turn in, Gadsby, and Ill bring Bingle backahemhell-for-leather. The fused expression hell-bent for leather (1926) is apparently an American coinage that fuses hell-bent with hell-for-leather and means â€Å"recklessly fast.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:36 Adjectives Describing Light3 Cases of Complicated Hyphenation10 Functions of the Comma

Managing non governmental organizations. ,,Once inside a war zone, Essay

Managing non governmental organizations. ,,Once inside a war zone, it's essential to have a blind spot for matters of ethics ( Polman, 2010,p 91) Discuss - Essay Example In addition, NGOs operating in different countries are required to follow certain ethical standards. Such standards include not participating in political activities within the countries they operate or any other engagement that contravenes the ethical codes in providing humanitarian services globally. In most cases, the activities that NGOs participate in terms of controlling civil wars are wide and varied. Most NGOs are often called upon to offer their services in post war conflict. The services they provide may involve demobilizing soldiers, providing humanitarian services to the population and encouraging other rehabilitation activities for the civilians (Zaum 2009, p. 22). The number of international organizations offering humanitarian services has continued to grow and today there are more than 4,000 international NGOs providing their services to war-torn countries globally. NGOs are an integral part of the effort to reconstruct the war-torn countries. They are able to provide services such as relief food, healthcare, potable water and education. In addition, NGOs operating in conflict zones have done a tremendous work in terms of alleviating the suffering of civilians caught in the war. These organizations also help to prevent the violations of human rights within the war zones. However, it has to be realized that the presence of international NGOs in the warzones also presents some dark sides (Zaum 2009, p. 28). This involves criticism that emanate from the fact that some NGOs have a role in extending conflicts by enhancing the war economy. Unethical engagements involve legitimizing warlords that can occur as a result of accepting to negotiate with these warlords. The NGOs across international borders are also accused of demeaning local population’s capacity to deal with conflicts independently (Zaum 2009, p. 32). In essence,

Annotated Outline and Bibliography Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Annotated Outline and Bibliography - Assignment Example Criminal psychopaths engages in severe antisocial behavior, such as serial murder, animal cruelty, or sexual crimes while non-criminal have their manifestation of their pathology limited to non-criminal acts such as cheating or lying. On the other hand, antisocial personality disorder is a form of chronic mental condition in which an individual’s ways of thinking, perceiving situations and interaction with others are dysfunctional and destructive (Andrews & Bonta,2010). Victims of this condition shows no regard for right and wrong and often disregard the rights, wishes and feelings of others while general criminal involves deliberate contravention of the state law. Ted Bundy qualifies to be identified as a psychopathic serial predator due to his deceitful and well organized tactics of luring, killing and evading the law. It is important to note that criminal psychopathy is reflected in behavior such as substance abuse, sex addiction, drug addiction, addiction to gambling among other related compulsive behaviors. On the other hand, on-criminal psychopaths exhibit mild compulsive behavior such as internet addiction, procrastination, television watching (Dekle,2011). In regard to these concepts, the case of Bundy can be classified as criminal psychopathy due to his addiction to sex related crimes. In connection with the case of Bundy, Criminal profiling can be seen as an act of developing a psychological profile of an offender based on the state of the crime scene. This is always carried out by the forensic psychologist. This differs with other forensic evaluation procedures in that it crime scene helps to label the perpetrator as organized, disorganized, or mixed and the investigator uses this to study the behavior of the culprit for possible prosecution. The meticulous plan of Bundy in his many cases of crimes could only be managed by this method of

Holes by Louis Sachar - People Can do Extraordinary Things When Put to

People Can Do Extraordinary Things When Put To The Test "He thought only about each step when it came, and not the impossible task that lay before him. Higher and higher he climbed. His strength came from deep inside himself and also seemed to come from the outside as well." People can do extraordinary things when put to the test. The author of the book ‘Holes’, Louis Sachar packed this book with many difficult tests for his characters. However when put to the test, they achieved extraordinary results. In this book, Hector Zeroni (nicknamed ‘Zero’), the friend of the protagonist, Stanley, is determined to overcome his hurdle of not knowing how to read, Stanley is forced to dig large holes everyday in the sun, and Miss Walker (A.K.A., the Warden), using unkind and untruthful means, is desperate to find an outlaw’s treasure to uphold her family’s reputation and satisfy her greed. All these people, doers of good and bad, are put to the test. With determination and effort, they do extraordinary things. Hector was abandoned as a child. He was not taught to read or write, but wanted to learn. He asked Stanley to help him to learn to read. Hector asking for help in itself was extraordinary because he had to overcome any shyness or embarrassment that he might’ve had. Hector didn’t expect to learn to read quickly, but as well as being a fast learner, he never gave up. What Hector learnt in a month or two with Stanley, most children would more comfortably learn in a year or more. He was quite smart for having been given any schooling, but he wasn’t given credit for anything. As he said, â€Å"I’m not stupid. I know everybody thinks I am. I just don’t like answering their questions.† Because of his determination he lea... ...ing and clever in achieving this. These people were all faced with difficulties. They were put to the test and achieved extraordinary results. Kate Barlow had told Miss Walker’s Grandparents, â€Å"You and your children, and their children can dig for a hundred years, and you’ll never find it [the treasure].† Miss Walker was her Grandparent’s children’s child, and as the outlaw had said, none of them had found the treasure, even though it was found in her lifetime. She had built the camp out of greed, and it was through it that Stanley and Zero found the treasure. Through this camp, the things which occurred in the past of The Warden, Stanley and Hector, were resolved. It doesn’t matter whether you are good or bad, or do things for good or bad reasons. If you are tested, you achieve extraordinary results whether you succeeded or not in what you planned to do.